This conference was organised by Leonard in partnership with the lab recherche environnement.

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More and more territories are faced with mobility problems. One of the main causes is the inconsistency between recurrent passenger mobility behaviour and the spatial territorial structure. In previous studies, the availability of data on mobility has been a major concern for analysis of mobility. With the spread of GPS devices, FCD (Floating Car Data) has become a new source of information for systematically analysing mobility. However, the potential of this data has not been fully exploited.

Objectives

The objective of the thesis is to use FCD data to explore and analyse mobility behaviour on two levels: the elementary level of the individual mobility of travellers, and the more global level of relations between places in a territory. To obtain an overall understanding of the dynamics of a territory, this research is made up of two parts. More precisely, at the individual level, the analysis aims to study the factors underlying the choices of trajectory by travellers. Regarding spatial analysis, the aim is to study the structure of territorial mobility by detecting the main places of activity and determining their dynamic interactions.

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At the École des Ponts ParisTech, the Laboratoire Ville Mobilité Transport designs, develops and improves mobility models for urbanised areas in order to study public transport, car traffic and parking. The objective of this research effort is to predict the effects of systems that are at the origin of road congestion, the quality of service (in terms of discomfort and travel time) and user choices (the mode of travel, itinerary and schedule).

At the level of an agglomeration, the car and public transport networks have been the subject of modelling of supply, demand and uses in order to identify the characteristics of the networks and the prices which allow the collective interest to be optimised. A dynamic parking model has been designed to analyse the distribution of parking spaces and variations in demand with the aim of identifying scenarios where supply and demand strike a balance.

Regarding the local impacts of means of transport on the environment, an evaluation method has been developed to quantify the impacts generated by individual on the move according to the journeys that person has made, the speed conditions and the vehicles used (motorisation and occupancy rate). The proposed method also makes it possible to measure the impacts generated or suffered in a given place.

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